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Research study of mandible fracture reconstructions from a biomechanical standpoint
Semerák, Jaroslav ; Florian, Zdeněk (referee) ; Marcián, Petr (advisor)
This thesis deals with the treatment of mandibular fractures using splints and fixators. The topic was the development of a detailed research study based on available literature. The work also indicates basic anatomy of the surveyed area and nowadays the most commonly used materials. Then, the stress-strain analysis of the system broken mandible with angular stable fixation was performed. Stress-strain analysis solution was realized by computational modeling, in use of the finite element method in Ansys Workbench 16.2. The work is described in detail the creation of computational model system and its subsequent solutions.
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Methods of fixation of the upper limb fractures
Litera, Jan ; Marcián, Petr (referee) ; Florian, Zdeněk (advisor)
The presented bachelor thesis is focused on current methods of a fixation of upper limb fractures. Part of the thesis is a literature review and a description of the upper limb anatomy. This is necessary to solve the problems associated with upper limb fractures. The history of the treatment of upper limb fractures enables to gain an insight and a benefit of the current methods of the fixation of the upper limb. Based on the acquired knowledge, there is created a simple computational model of a humeral fracture fixation using a LCP and a classical plate. The computational model for the specific load models was solved in the Ansys Workbench 18.2 computing system. The biomechanical analysis based on the results presentation of the solution of the described simple model showed differences between the application of the LCP and the classical plate.
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Stress-Strain Analysis of Plate for Fixing Proximal Tibial Fracture
Votava, Tomáš ; Chamrad, Jakub (referee) ; Marcián, Petr (advisor)
This master thesis is focused on stress-strain analysis of tibia with fixed proximal tibial fracture. Two types of fixation were considered, for each one two variants of solution were made. In the first part of this theses is presented a review of available literature connected with stress-strain analysis of tibia with fixed proximal tibia fracture. Next one is presented a research study of anatomy and biomechanics focused on lower limb. In the last part of research part are presented proximal tibial fractures and way of their fixation. Computational modeling using finite element method was used as solution method of stress-strain states. ANSYS software was used for solution. Total displacement, contanct pressure between femoral articular surface and meniscus, stress on plate and screws and strain in tibial bone tissue were analysed. Assesment of bone tissue state was made on the basis of Frost's hypothesis.
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Utilization of artificially created weak magnetic field for navigation in 3D space
Váňa, Dominik ; Beneš, Petr (referee) ; Havránek, Zdeněk (advisor)
This master's thesis focuses on the utilization of an artificially created weak magnetic field for navigation in 3D space. The theoretical part of this work deals with the general properties of the magnetic field and with its description. The next section of the theoretical part contains an overview of measuring principles for magnetic field measurements. Based on various types of measuring principles, the thesis elaborates on commercially available miniature sensors for magnetic field measurement with a measuring range up to 10 mT. The work focuses mainly on the magnetoresistive principle and fluxgate sensors. Furthermore, the theoretical part contains descriptions of methods for modeling the magnetic field of simple permanent magnets and various magnet assemblies. Lastly, the theoretical part involves a patent search of devices used for locating magnets that are installed in an intramedullary nail, which is used in intramedullary stabilization used on fractures of human bones. By locating the magnet in the nail, it is possible to precisely determine the position of the mounting holes. The practical part of the thesis deals with the analysis of magnetic field behavior in the vicinity of various magnetic assemblies, which were modeled in COMSOL Multiphysics using the finite element method. The models were created with the aim of analysing the behaviour of the magnetic field in the vicinity of the magnets and at the same time to find possible analytical functions that could be used to determine the position of the magnet in space relative to the probe. The result of this work is an analysis of various assemblies, which contains graphs of different dependencies and prescription of polynomial functions that approximate these dependencies. Another part of the thesis is the design of a probe that serves to locate the magnetic target. The work describes two possible methods of localization. For the differential method, a user interface in LabVIEW was created. The probe based on this method is fully capable of locating the magnet in the 2D plane. The state space search method is described only in theory.
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Biomechanical study on upper extremity fixation
Rafaj, Svatomír ; Marcián, Petr (referee) ; Florian, Zdeněk (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis deals with fixation and biomechanical aspects of fractures of the upper limb. The first part of the thesis discusses anatomy, knowledge of which is necessary for effective fixation of fractures. It describes the history of inner fixation of fractures and modern curing methods of fractures with a focus on locking compression plates. The second part of the thesis discusses strain-stress analysis of assemblage of humerus and applied locking compression. Computational model was created with the support of ANSYS Workbench 16.0 and SOLIDWORKS 2016 software. Computation was executed by finite element method using ANSYS Workbench 16.0 computational systém.
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Stents and their applications in medicine
Sokl, Antonín ; Němec, Karel (referee) ; Molliková, Eva (advisor)
The aim of this bachelor thesis, which deals with types of stents and their use in medical area, is the provision od detailed reserches of the most frequently used biomaterials, namely details of metals, ceramics, polymers and composites, considering the suitability of their use for the production of substitutes for particular human body structures. The introductory chapters are devoted to external and internal fixation for fractures, dental implants and replacement of renal function. The following chapters deals with stents and their possible variations, especially the chapters are about esophageal stents, prostatic stents and ureteral stents. The final part of this thesis contains a detailed definition of coronary stents, their functional and shape modifications.
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Stress-Strain Analysis of Mandible with Fixator
Semerák, Jaroslav ; Valášek, Jiří (referee) ; Marcián, Petr (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with fixation of the lower jaw fractures using commercially produced fixators. The topic was researched on the basis of the available literature. The thesis also indicates basic anatomy of the surveyed area and nowadays the most commonly used materials. Subsequently, the stress-strain analysis of the lower jaw with the applied angular stable fixation plate was performed. The solution was performed for the lower jaw with a fracture in the area of the condyle with different types of fixation plates made of CP-Ti Grade 4. In addition, the strain analysis of the healed lower jaw with the fixators after the defect in the area of chin and angle was performed. The mechanical interaction analysis of the lower jaw with defect and applied fixation plate was solved by using computational modeling with variational approach, in use of the finite element method in Ansys Workbench 18.1. The thesis also describes in detail the creation of a computational model of the system and the subsequent solution.
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Case Study of a Physiotherapy Treatment of a Patient with The Diagnosis of Trimalleolar Fracture
Jeremenko, Martina ; Reckziegelová, Petra (advisor) ; Křížková, Štěpánka (referee)
Title: Case Study of A Physiotherapy Treatment of A Patient with The Diagnosis of Trimalleolar Fracture. Aim: The aim of this bachelor's thesis is to learn about the case of bilateral ankle fracture at the theoretical and also the practical level. Method: The thesis is based on current research in regards to the pertinent topic. The theoretical part presents a description of the anatomic structure and function of the ankle joint, the kinesiology of the foot and the biomechanics of walking. Next, it contains description of traumatology of the ankle area with the focus on fractures, diagnostic methods, treatment and physiotherapy approach and methods after ankle fractures. The practical part is conceived a case study. The work includes an anamnesis of a patient and an input kinesiology analysis. On the basis of this analysis is determined the aim and course of action of the physiotherapy approach. Finally, the thesis includes the progress of individual therapeutic units, an output kinesiology analysis and a therapy efficiency evaluation. Key words: ankle joint, fracture, rehabilitation, physical therapy, case study
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Case Study of physiotherapeutic care of a polytraumatic patient diagnosed with proximal humerus fracture
Lichnovská, Bára ; Neuwirthová, Svatava (advisor) ; Nový, Filip (referee)
Author: Bára Lichnovská Title: Case study of physiotherapeutic care of a polytraumatic patient diagnosed with proximal humerus fracture Head of the thesis: Mgr. Svatava Neuwirthová Aim: The main aim of this bachelor thesis is to outline the possibilities of physiotherapeutic care of a patient with polytrauma, whose main limitations result from the consequences of multiple fractures such as HKK and DKK. Introduction to the problem of fractures - classification, solution of the case study of physiotherapeutic care of a patient with a diagnosis of proximal humerus fracture. Methods: The theoretical part of the thesis is prepared in the form of a literature search. The knowledge of anatomy, kinesiology of the shoulder joint area, humerus is mentioned. It also describes the types of fractures and their division, treatment options - invasive or non- invasive, the course of bone healing and the procedure of subsequent rehabilitation after fractures. The special part includes a complete case report of the patient, initial kinesiological analysis, record of therapeutic units completed by the patient and then the output kinesiological analysis. In the final part I discuss the evaluation of the overall effect of the therapy. Keywords: case study, physiotherapy, brachial plexus, shoulder joint, humerus,...
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Case Study of Physiotherapy Treatment of a Patient with Diagnosis of external ankle fracture
Tůma, Filip ; Neuwirthová, Svatava (advisor) ; El Ali, Zaher (referee)
Author: Filip Tůma Supervisor: Mgr. Svatava Neuwirthová Title: A case report of physiotherapeutic care of a patient with a diagnosis of external ankle fracture Objectives: The main aim is to develop a case report of a patient after an external ankle fracture. Furthermore, I will try to introduce the problem of ankle fractures, examination methods, possibilities of influencing the fractures with physiotherapeutic methods, to prove the effect of the used methods and to improve the functional status of the patient. Methods: The theoretical part is written with the help of Czech and foreign literature and is intended to describe the anatomy, kinesiology and biomechanics of the ankle and foot, the stereotype of walking, the diagnosis, classification, healing and treatment of ankle fractures, examination methods and techniques used to influence the condition of patients after ankle fractures. In the practical part, a case report of a patient after an external ankle fracture is developed. Her treatment was performed during a continuous professional practice at the Centrum léčby pohybového aparátu from January 9, 2023 to February 3, 2023 under the supervision of PhDr. Zaher El Ali. Results: It was possible to develop the theoretical part and thus introduce the theoretical background. The case report was...
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